1. Eyeglasses & Cheek Lighting Asymmetry
Even clear prescription lenses without visible glare will trigger an instant rejection for U.S., UK, Canadian, and Australian passports. Equally common are harsh side shadows when standing next to a single lamp. Always face a window or bright room light straight-on so both cheeks have balanced illumination.
2. Wrong Head Size & Eye-Line Height
Cropping a square photo by eye almost always places the head or eye level outside government tolerances. For a U.S. 2×2" photo, your head (chin to top of hair) must occupy 50%–69% of the image height, and your eyes must sit 56%–69% from the bottom edge.
3. Hidden Technical Rejections: 72 DPI & >240 KB File Size
Standard web browsers export HTML5 canvas images at 72 or 96 DPI. Strict portals like India's OCI, China's COVA, and U.S. CEAC DS-160 inspect the binary JFIF APP0 header for 300 DPI and enforce a hard 240 KB maximum file size. PassPhotoKit injects exact 300-DPI binary headers and binary-searches JPEG compression so every download passes portal checks.